There's no excuse for hijueputas like this that straight up rip unknowing tourists off. But the guy should have had some idea about how much he was paying.
As for rigged meter, you get that once ina while. Easy to spot when you take the same route and it's always 1300-1500 and the one time it's 3000.

All you can do is pay and report the taxi to the authorities. Most legit red taxis won't quote you a fare, they all want to use the meter because to them every colon counts so they don't want to short-change themselves.
You can also refuse to pay more than what you know the fare to be, but you risk getting into a physical confrontation where police may become involved and you will be considered guilty until proven innocent, ala Cuba Dave. In the past, my first instinct was always to confront this kind of shit aggressively, but after really thinking about it, is it really worth it over a couple of dollars? I let the mother Phucker know that he's a cheating son of a bitch and give him the money, but nothing more than that. Obviously, I will defend myself if needed, but I won't be the aggressor.