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Preventative rabies vaccination is sometimes given but is rare. Average traveler would have no need. The statement below is from the CDC – vaccines.gov website
Preventive Vaccination (No Exposure)
People at high risk of exposure to rabies, such as veterinarians, animal handlers, rabies laboratory workers, spelunkers, and rabies biologics production workers should be offered rabies vaccine.
The vaccine should also be considered for:
People whose activities bring them into frequent contact with rabies virus or with possibly rabid animals.
International travelers who are likely to come in contact with animals in parts of the world where rabies is common.