Historically Panama has had the lowest inflation in all of Central America because of the dollarization and lack of fluctuating local currencies. For decades the dollar was the most stable currency in the Americas and much of the world. Unforunately, all that has changed.
The dollar HELPS Panama (and America I suppose) on one level of making our goods and services more affordable to other countries and currencies. So...we can sell more globally...and our wage base is no longer so expensive for international companies to work and produce in the USA. But for a country like Panama that imports 90% if its durable and non durable goods...costs are going up dramatically and quickly. Basic food items imported are in some cases twice the price they were 2 years ago. Even locally produced goods are exported instead of sold here because they can get more money for them...therefore the local prices go up to export standards as well. And no matter where you live (outside of maybe Venezuela), gas is taking a huge chunk out of disposable income. Yet the wages here are hardly going up a bit. And the govt is needing more revenue to keep up as they have the same issues as consumers and citizens have.
Even on the real estate side...the Europeans and Asians are buying into Panama and pushing up the prices so rapidly...our US Dollars cant keep up in buying power. So right now, Panama marketers are writing off north american buyers and selling direct to Europe and other markets with stronger economies and currencies. I have to imagine Costa Rica is experiencing much the same. It would be interesting to compare REAL data from the 2 countries at the end of this year to see who has the highest REAL inflation...both in pricing and currency fluctuation. For sure, Colombia has become MUCH more expensive for Americans because you get so many fewer pesos for the dollar than just 2 years ago. A $60 room in Bogota is now going for about $100. OUCH. I actually have heard some chicas are only charging in pesos or peso equivalents now

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So that is a short and incomplete answer to a complicated question.